The position in the Dock and the black dot indicate, something is launching Chrome. The first place I would check is System Preferences > Users & Groups > Login Items. It could be Chrome itself or some file or task that in turn launches Chrome. If you click on Chrome in the Dock the page it opens to might yield a clue as to what is launching it.
If we knew what it was we were doing, it wouldn't be called research, would it?
