This is not the only deception Finder pulls. It localizes the names of many folders and applications based on your preferred language.
On a vaguely tangentially related note, speaking of languages, it appears there's some funkiness in the way the Finder reports names with accented characters in them. If you use the version of PHP that ships with OS X and you write code that accesses files in the local filesystem, PHP appears not to be able to read files whose names contain accented characters, no matter what character encoding you use, even if the file paths and names appear identical in the Finder and PHP. I've never been able to figure out what gives with that.
