Oh I tried escaping, double escaping, alternate ways to express spaces (\x20 etc) and a whole bunch of other things $(echo ...) before finally giving up on it.
Well, i located an expendable flash drive... but i don't encounter any such problem:
$ cat dsr
diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk1 2 APM JHFS+ abc 480M JHFS+ 'def ghi' R
$ bash -x dsr
+2: diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk1 2 APM JHFS+ abc 480M JHFS+ 'def ghi' R
Started partitioning on disk1
Unmounting disk
Creating partition map
Waiting for disks to reappear
Formatting disk1s2 as Mac OS Extended (Journaled) with name abc
Formatting disk1s4 as Mac OS Extended (Journaled) with name def ghi
Finished partitioning on disk1
/dev/disk1
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: Apple_partition_scheme *2.0 GB disk1
1: Apple_partition_map 32.3 KB disk1s1
2: Apple_HFS abc 480.0 MB disk1s2
3: Apple_HFS def ghi 1.4 GB disk1s4
$ echo $?
0
Edit and try again...
$ date; sw_vers
Fri Jun 3 13:17:09 EDT 2011
ProductName: Mac OS X
ProductVersion: 10.6.7
BuildVersion: 10J869
$ cat dsr
alpha=Service\ Lion
bravo=Service\ Snow
charlie=Service\ Leopard
diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk1 3 APM JHFS+ "$alpha" 480M \
JHFS+ "$bravo" 480M JHFS+ "$charlie" R
$ bash -x dsr
+1: alpha='Service Lion'
+2: bravo='Service Snow'
+3: charlie='Service Leopard'
+5: diskutil partitionDisk /dev/disk1 3 APM JHFS+ 'Service Lion' 480M \
JHFS+ 'Service Snow' 480M JHFS+ 'Service Leopard' R
Started partitioning on disk1
Unmounting disk
Creating partition map
Waiting for disks to reappear
Formatting disk1s2 as Mac OS Extended (Journaled) with name Service Lion
Formatting disk1s3 as Mac OS Extended (Journaled) with name Service Snow
Formatting disk1s4 as Mac OS Extended (Journaled) with name Service Leopard
Finished partitioning on disk1
/dev/disk1
#: TYPE NAME SIZE IDENTIFIER
0: Apple_partition_scheme *2.0 GB disk1
1: Apple_partition_map 32.3 KB disk1s1
2: Apple_HFS Service Lion 480.0 MB disk1s2
3: Apple_HFS Service Snow 480.0 MB disk1s3
4: Apple_HFS Service Leopard 1.0 GB disk1s4
$ df -h |sed '1p;/disk1/!d'
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/disk1s2 458Mi 19Mi 439Mi 5% /Volumes/Service Lion
/dev/disk1s3 458Mi 19Mi 439Mi 5% /Volumes/Service Snow
/dev/disk1s4 1000i 32Mi 968Mi 4% /Volumes/Service Leopard
Works fine with no special quoting or escaping tricks. All those volumes look right in Finder too.
::shrug::
With which OS are you running your failing script?